Whales and Dolphins of Oman
Every year from June to August, something magical happens in the south of Oman that doesn’t occur anywhere else in the Arab world – it rains. In fact, it pours down in monsoon quantities.
Local residents call this season the Khareef. In Arabic, this word means “autumn,” but only because it coincides with the beginning of autumn on the neighboring Indian subcontinent, with which the rainy season is usually associated. On land, a dramatic greening occurs, resembling Asia more than Arabia, providing enough water to sustain the region’s abundant crops. But underwater, something no less important for the life cycle is happening.
“In the summer, the wind blows towards the mountains, returns to the sea, and lifts water from the depths, which is very cold and full of nutrients,” says Dmitry Kalistrov, General Director of DMC OldOman.
The Arabian Sea, which washes the eastern shores of Oman, is famous for its abundance of krill and other marine life, attracting many whales. Among them are the sleek and streamlined Bryde’s whales, often found in the nutrient-rich waters of the Gulf of Oman.
But the true jewel in Oman’s whale crown is the elusive Arabian Sea humpback whale. These giants, known for their mesmerizing songs and impressive breaches, are found in the waters of Dhofar, particularly around the Hallaniyat Islands. Humpback whale watching is possible from September to February, but they can also often be seen in May, on the eve of the “Khareef” season, however, sightings are not guaranteed as their migration is sporadic.
Oman’s humpback whales represent a genetically distinct group, atypical of all other populations, as they do not migrate – they simply have no need to. This unique population is also genetically different from other humpback whales and is classified by the IUCN as “Endangered.” Their presence underscores the importance of Omani waters as a refuge for these majestic creatures.
Furthermore, Oman has become home to an isolated population of blue whales, separated from their counterparts for about 70,000 years. Their uniqueness has been recognized by the Omani government, which has organized a program to protect and conserve these amazing animals, which also attract tourists.
Beyond the thrill of observing whales in their natural habitat, their presence in Oman holds significant ecological and economic value. Whales play a vital role in maintaining a healthy marine ecosystem by contributing to nutrient cycling and supporting the food web. Their presence also attracts tourists from all over the world, boosting the local economy and creating employment opportunities.
However, these majestic creatures face numerous threats. Pollution, habitat degradation, and entanglement in fishing gear pose significant risks to their survival. Increased shipping traffic also raises the risk of collisions, endangering both whales and humans.
Oman recognizes the importance of protecting its marine heritage. The country has designated several marine protected areas, including the Daymaniyat Islands Nature Reserve and the Musandam Peninsula, to safeguard whale populations and their habitats. Additionally, Oman actively participates in international conservation efforts, collaborating with organizations like the International Whaling Commission to promote responsible whale watching and mitigate threats to these animals.
A local resident was only seven years old when he first saw one of these gentle marine giants, which can reach lengths of up to 16 meters.
“When you are young, you hear legends: someone gets swallowed and spat back out, stories like that. But you see, the older fishermen were actually very gentle with them; they used nets, and if some got caught in the nets, they would go very carefully, very quietly, and release them.”
His early experience with whales clearly made a deep impression on him, influencing his enduring protective approach to whale watching.
The Environment Society of Oman (ESO) plays a crucial role in researching and protecting cetaceans in Oman. ESO’s research has shown that Oman’s humpback whales are a genetically distinct group, making them even more vulnerable to threats.
According to Her Highness Sayyida Tania Al Said, President of ESO, low genetic diversity can make this population more susceptible to disease and extinction. ESO emphasizes the need to protect these unique whales and their habitat from growing threats.
BLUE WHALE
SPINNER DOLPHIN
RISSO’S DOLPHIN
